白鐵通風(fēng)工程氣流組織的基本原則是排風(fēng)口應(yīng)盡量靠近有害物源或散熱設(shè)備，送風(fēng)口應(yīng)盡量靠近操作地點(diǎn)或人員經(jīng)常停留處。
The basic principle of airflow organization in white iron ventilation engineering is that the exhaust outlet should be as close as possible to harmful sources or heat dissipation equipment, and the air supply outlet should be as close as possible to the operating location or the place where personnel frequently stay.
通風(fēng)管道是通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，通風(fēng)管道系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的目的，白鐵通風(fēng)工程是要合理地組織空氣流動(dòng)，在保證使用效果的前提下，合理確定風(fēng)管的結(jié)構(gòu)、布置和尺寸，使系統(tǒng)的初投資和運(yùn)行費(fèi)用綜合較低。從理論上說(shuō)，在送、排風(fēng)管進(jìn)入土建豎井處設(shè)與不設(shè)層流板其阻力系數(shù)相差可達(dá)10倍，從某工程實(shí)際檢測(cè)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，同樣型號(hào)的的風(fēng)機(jī)近似的風(fēng)管和風(fēng)口，用作送風(fēng)時(shí)風(fēng)量為9780m3/h，用作排風(fēng)時(shí)風(fēng)量為6560m3/h，差距達(dá)成22.7%。風(fēng)口選用偏小也是系統(tǒng)阻力增大，風(fēng)量下降的一個(gè)因素。
Ventilation ducts are an important component of the ventilation system. The purpose of designing a ventilation duct system is to organize air flow reasonably in a white iron ventilation project. On the premise of ensuring the effectiveness of use, the structure, layout, and size of the air ducts should be reasonably determined, so as to comprehensively reduce the initial investment and operating costs of the system. In theory, the difference in resistance coefficient between installing and not installing laminar flow plates at the point where the supply and exhaust ducts enter the civil vertical shaft can be up to 10 times. From an actual inspection of a certain project, it was found that the similar air ducts and tuyeres of the same model of fan have an air flow rate of 9780m3/h when used for air supply and 6560m3/h when used for exhaust, with a difference of 22.7%. The smaller selection of air vents is also a factor in increasing system resistance and decreasing air volume.
根據(jù)風(fēng)機(jī)的特性曲線(xiàn)可以看出，風(fēng)機(jī)可以在各種不同的風(fēng)量下工作，風(fēng)機(jī)在特性曲線(xiàn)的某一工作點(diǎn)上，風(fēng)機(jī)的風(fēng)壓與系統(tǒng)中的壓力得到平衡，就確定了系統(tǒng)的風(fēng)量。
According to the characteristic curve of the fan, it can be seen that the fan can operate at various air volumes. At a certain working point on the characteristic curve, the fan's air pressure is balanced with the pressure in the system, and the system's air volume is determined.
設(shè)置防火閥的主要目的是防止火災(zāi)通過(guò)風(fēng)管漫延。推薦采用將衛(wèi)生間排氣支管接入排氣豎井井上升60mm的防止回流措施，其具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，造價(jià)低、運(yùn)行可靠等特點(diǎn)，由于采用彎頭進(jìn)豎井，支管與主管氣流方向相同， 此部分局部阻力小，其豎井排風(fēng)總阻力并不一定由于豎井面積減少一點(diǎn)而增大。
The main purpose of setting fire dampers is to prevent fires from spreading through ducts. It is recommended to take measures to prevent backflow by connecting the bathroom exhaust branch pipe to the exhaust shaft and raising it by 60mm. It has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and reliable operation. Due to the use of elbows to enter the shaft, the branch pipe and the main pipe have the same airflow direction, and the local resistance in this part is small. The total resistance of the vertical shaft exhaust does not necessarily increase due to a slight reduction in the shaft area.
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